linux 根目录容量不足问题

在linux使用过程中发现自己的根目录满了 想要进行扩容 所以留下了这份文档 XD

根目录扩容

• 目前的根目录使用的是Linux filesystem
• 期望下一版镜像可以使用lvm来管理逻辑卷

扩容步骤：

1. 先把虚拟机的虚拟磁盘扩容
2. 进入虚拟机内 先查看分区 df -h

3. sudo fdisk /dev/sda 进入fdisk

   mb@arch-vm:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
   
    
   
   Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.1).
   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
   Be careful before using the write command.
   
    
   
   GPT PMBR size mismatch (67108863 != 209715199) will be corrected by write.
   The backup GPT table is not on the end of the device. This problem will be corrected by write.
   This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
   It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
   partitions on this disk.
   
    
   
   
   Command (m for help): m

4. 输入p 查看当前磁盘柱区的开始结束 记录下开始

   Disk /dev/sda: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
   Disk model: Virtual Disk    
   Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
   Disklabel type: gpt
   Disk identifier: 32D2613E-467C-4E91-A9CF-3E6098DF20F1
   
    
   
   Device       Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
   /dev/sda1     2048  1048575  1046528  511M EFI System
   /dev/sda2  1050624 67106815 66056192 31.5G Linux filesystem

5. 输入d 删除根目录分区

   Command (m for help): d
   Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
   
    
   
   Partition 2 has been deleted.

6. 输入n 创建新分区

   Command (m for help): n
   Partition number (2-128, default 2): 2
   First sector (1048576-209715166, default 1048576): 1050624
   Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1050624-209715166, default 209713151):
   
    
   
   Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 99.5 GiB.
   Partition #2 contains a ext4 signature.
   
    
   
   Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: n  #特别注意需要n

7. 输入w 保存并退出

   Command (m for help): w
   The partition table has been altered.
   Syncing disks.

8. sudo blkid 查看新分区的PARTUUID

   mb@arch-vm:~$ sudo blkid
   /dev/sda2: UUID="93f29fe5-1003-4b3f-b041-3ce2f88ec35e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="74d82d6b-0286-493d-befe-9002ebcfa6c8"
   /dev/sda1: UUID="96EB-E719" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="d5d88d9b-a976-4ac9-888c-c6578248b13c"
   /dev/zram0: LABEL="zram0" UUID="74d90911-39b7-49e8-af81-6e2938f74848" TYPE="swap"
   mb@arch-vm:~$ sudo resize2fs /dev/sda2
   resize2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
   Filesystem at /dev/sda2 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
   old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 13
   The filesystem on /dev/sda2 is now 26082816 (4k) blocks long.

9. sudo resize2fs /dev/sda2 将磁盘空间从新划分
10. 找到boot目录下的启动配置文件 cd /boot/loader/entries/并编辑

11. sudo nano /boot/loader/entries/2022-07-08_01-33-37_linux.conf

     Created by: archinstall
    # Created on: 2022-07-08_01-33-37
    title Arch Linux (linux)
    linux /vmlinuz-linux
    initrd /initramfs-linux.img
    options root=PARTUUID=32224196-b7fb-4a1c-81b7-6cd6e4527990 zswap.enabled=0 rw intel_pstate=no_hwp rootfstype=ext4

12. 将PARTUUID更换成更改记录下的新PARTUUID
13. sudo reboot重启生效